从“亢害承制”原旨探析刘完素火郁理论内涵

Demonstration of Liu Wansu s viewpoint of“Fire stagnation”based on the theory of“Restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony”

刘完素是河间学派的代表人物,其中“亢害承制”学说与“火热论”学说在其学术体系中颇具有其代表性。《内经》中最早出现“亢害承制”这一概念,其具体内涵经由后人不断扩充,如刘完素基于然界的种种物候现象,进一步联系人体病理生理现象对这一概念的具体意义作出阐述,与此同时,火邪致病说亦十分受到刘完素的重视,他基于病机十九条对六气致病说进行再发挥,不仅大为丰富了火热疾病的种类,更是创造性提出了“六气皆从火化”的论断。而通过考证大量资料,笔者认为“郁证学说”为联系“亢害承制”学说与“火热论”学说的内在桥梁,而后世医家多在此基础上进行发挥,不断对郁证学说进行补充,故下文据此展开论述,相信通过相关学说的梳理将更有利于刘完素的学术思想的研究并进一步指导临床。

Liu Wansu is a representative of the Hejian School,and his academic system is dominated by the theories of“restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony”and“fire-heat theory.”The concept of“restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony”first appeared in Suwen(Plain Questions),and its specific connotation has been continuously expanded by subsequent generations.For example,Liu Wansu used various phenological phenomena in nature as the foundation for further linking the pathophysiological phenomena of the body.At the same time,Liu Wansu highly values his theory of disease caused by fire-heat pathogens.He re-exposed the theory of disease caused by“six Qi”based on“pathogenesis item 19.”He not only greatly expanded the types of fiery diseases,but also creatively proposed the conclusion that“six exogenous pathogenic factors transfer from fire”.Through researching a large amount of data,we believes that the“stagnation syndrome theory”is the internal bridge linking the“restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony”theory and the“fire-heat theory”theory.Based on the idea,subsequent generations of doctors consistently supplement the depression syndrome theory.As a result,the following discussion is based on this,and we believe that combining related theories will be more conducive to Liu Wansu s academic thoughts research,and better apply them to clinical practice.