波兰电影学派文化调性的离调显现

The Emergence of Polish Film School’s Cultural Tonality

从二战结束到社会转型之前,波兰政治空气都难以捉摸,这令其电影无法获得足够的创作自由。自波兰进入“去斯大林化”时期,电影生产体制开始变化,如何在政治压力与艺术创作间找到恰切的表达方式来揭露现实,成为波兰电影人面临的主要问题。波兰电影通过日常叙事和历史叙事的双向耦合策略来表现波兰民族对身份认同的焦虑、对失国与复国的感慨,并由此开启了诗意、沉郁、自省的文化调性。波兰电影学派秉持独有的离调式风格,在电影中不断延续与再现波兰人民的宗教信仰和民族文化特性。

From the end of World War Ⅱ to the time of social transformation, Poland’s political atmosphere was unpredictable, which made its films unable to obtain enough creative freedom. Since Poland entered the period of “De-stalinization”, the film production system began to change. How to find an appropriate expression between political pressure and artistic creation to reveal the reality has become the main problem faced by Polish filmmakers. Polish films, through the two-way coupling strategy of daily narrative and historical narrative, express the anxiety of Polish national identity, feelings of loss and restoration of the country, thus opening up the poetic, gloomy and introspective cultural tone of Polish films. The Polish film school adheres to the unique off tone style and continues to reproduce the religious beliefs and national cultural characteristics of the Polish people in the film.