中国省域旅游绿色发展水平演变及障碍因素分析

Evolution and Obstacle Factors of Green Development Level of Provincial Tourism Destinations in China

在全球经济下行和疫情冲击双重压力下,探究省域旅游绿色发展水平有助于旅游复苏,实现旅游目的地高质量发展。该文在界定旅游绿色发展内涵机理的基础上,从社会协调效益、经济发展效益、生态环境效益角度构建旅游绿色发展水平评价指标体系,基于TOPSIS法测度中国省域旅游绿色发展水平,采用ArcGIS软件分析省域旅游绿色发展水平空间格局,运用莫兰指数探讨旅游绿色发展水平的空间相关性,并分析各省域旅游绿色发展水平的收敛性和障碍因素。结果表明:2010-2019年中国31个省域旅游绿色发展水平极差和标准差随时间变化而减小,说明中国省域旅游绿色发展水平差异呈缩小趋势,东中西三大区域绝大多数年份旅游绿色发展水平稳步提升;旅游绿色发展水平空间分级明显,北京、上海、广州、天津旅游绿色发展水平级别高,西藏、新疆等省域旅游绿色发展水平较低;Moran′s I值呈“上升—下降—上升—下降”特征且具有空间离散性倾向,省域收敛值变化趋势逐步缩小且呈σ收敛性;各省域旅游绿色发展水平的主要障碍因子具有差异性。围绕省域旅游绿色发展水平的非均衡性特征,提出中国省域旅游绿色发展水平提升的相关对策,以期丰富旅游绿色发展水平的相关理论,为中国省域旅游绿色发展提供实践参考。

Under the double pressure of the global economic downturn and the impact of the epidemic,exploring the green development level of provincial tourism destinations is conducive to the recovery of tourism and the high-quality development of tourism destinations.On the basis of defining the connotation of the green development of tourism destinations,this paper constructs an evaluation index system of green development level of tourism destinations from the perspective of social coordination benefit,economic development benefit and ecological environment benefit,measures the green development level of provincial tourism destinations in China based on TOPSIS method,analyzes the spatial pattern of the green development level of provincial tourism destinations by using ArcGIS software,and discusses the spatial correlation of the green development level of provincial tourism destinations by using Moran′s I.Finally,the convergence and obstacle factors of the green development level of provincial tourism destinations are analyzed.The research results are as follows.From 2010 to 2019,the range and standard deviation of the green development level of tourism destinations in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China decreased with time,which indicates that the difference of the green development level of tourism destinations among provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China is narrowing,and the green development level of regional tourism destinations in East,Central and West China is gradually increasing in most years.The spatial classification of the green development level of provincial tourism destinations is obvious,for example,Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Tianjin have a high level,while Tibet and Xinjiang have a low level.Moran′s I value is characterized by"rising-falling-rising-falling"and tends to be spatial discrete.The provincial convergence value gradually shrinks and showsσconvergence.There are differences and similarities in the main obstacle factors for the green development level of provincial tourism destinations.Based on the above study,some suggestions are put forward to improve the green development level of provincial tourism destinations in China.