从宇宙图式到在地性叙事--风景园林理论拓展与本土转译

From the Universe Schema to the Narrative on the Locality:The Theoretical Expansion of Landscape Architecture and the Analysis of Localization

风景园林学科是人居环境建设领域的重要学科,其研究视野渗透到不同尺度的国土空间。风景园林学科的本质是空间叙事,通过空间营建处理人地关系。顺应风景园林学科日渐开放叠合与多元应用的研究思潮,笔者通过梳理古都设计、古典园林和地方八景为代表的地方景观意象、当代地理空间设计与边缘民族地区福祉建设等具有梯度格局的环境意象背后的营造视野与格局,尝试探索风景园林学科基于历史地理、心理艺术视角下“空间视觉特性-空间知觉感知-空间体验意义”三维度的宇宙图式的景观研究与实践新思路。同时,以在地性议题对偏远地区以民族历史、传统符号包括文字在内的历史艺术直觉导向的研究方法,深入被忽视的居住生态环境,用复合设计方法研究扎根本土的综合解决方案,从而完成景象、归属、身份、力量和美的社会信仰的景观社会责任。

Landscape architecture is an indispensable subject in the field of human living environment construction, its research perspectives have penetrated into the national territory of different scales. Landscape architecture is in essence spatial narrative, which copes with the correlation between the human and the land through spatial construction. Conforming to the ideological research trend of gradual opening, coincidence and diverse applications of landscape architecture, the author summarizes the creation perspectives and patterns behind the local landscape images represented by the ancient capital, classical Chinese garden and eight local scenes as well as the environmental images of a gradient pattern, such as contemporary geographical spatial design and well-being construction in marginal national regions. Based on the summary, the author attempts to examine the landscape research and practice thinking of the three-dimensional universe schema “spatial visual characteristics-spatial perception sensing-spatial experience of meaning” from the perspective of historical geography and psychological art. Based on the research methodology in local issues which is oriented by the historical artistic intuition from ethnic history and traditional symbols including characters in remote areas, the ecological resident environment ignored is deeply analyzed, and the localized comprehensive solution is studied using composite design method, so a landscape social responsibility integrating images, belonging, identity, strength and good social faith is formed.