蒙养传统的守正与创新:一项“开笔礼”仪式的教育人类学研究

Integrity and Innovation of Enlightening Tradition:An Educational Anthropological Study on"The First Writing Ritual"

近年来,“开笔礼”成为小学教育场域中不可或缺的文化仪式。作为“文本”,“开笔礼”意味着开启“新人”的文化礼遇,它将历史时空中的蒙养传统置于当下儿童的教育情境,弘扬和延续中华优秀文化传统,引导儿童成为社会主义建设者和接班人。通过人类学的深描和阐释,研究发现符号表征、话语设计与操演程式串联起“开笔礼”的文本实践。“开笔礼”仪式穿越古今之变,基于“致知”“持敬”“养正”的文化传统,又在过程操演、体化实践和功能发挥等层面发生变革,为匡正儿童行为、模塑儿童人格、提升儿童价值认同上好了“第一堂课”。“开笔礼”仪式中蒙养传统的守正创新为儿童成长提供了一种可行而又充满活力的古典与现代相互交融的文化气象,这对创新新时代文化育人体系大有裨益。

In recent years,"the first writing ritual"has become an indispensable cultural ritual in primary school.As a"text","the first writing ritual"means opening the cultural courtesy of"new students",which places the enlightening tradition in historical time and space in the current educational situation of children,carries forward and continues the excellent Chinese cultural tradition,and guides children to become socialist builders and successors.Through the deep description and interpretation of anthropology,this study found that symbolic representation,discourse design and rehearsal process connected the textual practice of"the first writing ritual".Through the changes of ancient and modern times,"the first writing ritual"is based on the cultural traditions of"gaining knowledge","keeping respect"and"cultivating integrity",and it is also transformed at the aspects of process,practice,and function,providing"the first lesson"in correcting children’s behavior,shaping their personalities,and enhancing their value identity.The integrity and innovation of the enlightening tradition in"the first writing ritual"provides a feasible and energy cultural atmosphere with classical and modern for children’s growth,which is of great benefit to the innovation of the cultural education system in the new era.