汉语“不是X吗”句式的互动功能

Interactional Functions of“Bushi(不是)X ma(吗)”Interrogative

“不是X吗”作为一种特殊的反问句,经常出现在日常会话交际中。文章结合互动语言学的研究视角,采用会话分析的方法,首先在口语交互环境中考察了这一句式在话语框架中的序列及话轮位置,又结合位置特征分析了该句式的具体互动功能。首先,该句式作为一种反问句,在表达肯定断言的同时能够传递言者的认识、情感立场,因此可用于评价表达。其次,该句式通过提醒互动参与者认识状态的差异或一致,来协调认识。最后,从交互主观性视角解释了该句式协调认知状态的互动成因。

“Bushi(不是)X ma(吗)”interrogative is a widely used sentence pattern in mandarin everyday conver⁃sation.Drawing on the method of conversation analysis,the present study explores the interactional work of“Bushi X ma”under the perspective of interactional linguistics.In accordance with its sequential position and the place within the turn,it is found that by employing this sentence pattern speakers may convey their epistemic and emotional stance and that through reminding others of the common ground with this pattern,speakers show awareness to the epistemic status and authority of the listeners.An account of the drive underlying this interactional function is also provided from the perspective of intersubjectivity.