轴承电蚀机制和防护技术的试验研究进展

Research Progress of the Mechanism of Shaft Current Corrosion in Bearing and the Protection Technology

随着高速铁路、新能源汽车、风电等行业的发展,轴承不可避免地工作于各种电场环境,电的介入使轴承产生了轴承电蚀这一新的损伤形式。阐述轴电压、轴电流的产生机制,分析轴电流引起的轴承材料性能弱化、表面烧蚀和润滑性能衰退等危害及机制;概述轴承电蚀失效试验方法和单接触点润滑滚动电接触等效试验方法;总结轴承电蚀防护的3种技术,包括源头抑制、绝缘抑制及导电通路,并展望轴承电蚀机制和防护技术的研究前景。

With the development of high-speed railways,new energy vehicles and wind power etc.,bearings inevitably work in a variety of electric field environments.The involvement of electricity makes the bearings produce a new form of damage,namely,shaft current corrosion.The mechanism of the generation of shaft voltage and shaft current was described,and the hazards caused by shaft current such as material weakening,surface ablation and lubrication deterioration and the relative mechanism were analyzed.The test method for bearing electric corrosion and the equivalent test method for single-point electric rolling contact with lubrication were summarized.Three types of protection technologies of shaft current corrosion,including source restrain,insulation restrain and conductive pathways were summarized.The research prospects of shaft current were foreseen.