广州市体育场馆的空间格局和公平性分析

Analysis on Spatial Difference and Equity of Guangzhou Gymnasium

利用兴趣点(point of interest,POI)数据,运用ArcGIS的核密度、缓冲区、15 min生活圈、局部自相关方法对广州市体育场馆进行空间分布及公平性分析,结果发现:(1)广州市体育场馆空间分布不平衡,呈现中心集聚+外围分散的结构,形成了天河体育中心、广州大学城体育中心、广东奥林匹克中心和亚运城4个高度集中的区域;(2)广州市3种类型体育场馆呈现多样化-散点状的特点,社会体育场馆核密度最高,其次是专业体育场馆,最低的是高校体育场馆;(3)天河区、越秀区、荔湾区等15 min健身圈覆盖率较高,增城区、从化区、南沙区等较低;(4)广州市体育场馆局部自相关性不够显著,只有番禺区和天河区出现了“高-低集聚”的现象,呈现单极化特征。

Urban public service facility is an important part of urban spatial structure and development.Using POI data,the spatial distribution and fairness of Guangzhou gymnasium were analyzed by using Kernel density estimation,buffer zone and local autocorrelation method.The results showed that:(1) The overall spatial distribution of Guangzhou gymnasium was unbalanced,showing the structure of centralization + peripheral dispersion,forming four highly concentrated regions:Tianhe Sports Center,Guangzhou University City Sports Center,Guangdong Olympic Center and sub-centralization,Yayuncheng;(2) Different types of Gymnasiums in Guangzhou present a diversified-scattered structure,with the highest nuclear density of social gymnasiums,followed by professional gymnasiums and the smallest College gymnasiums;(3) Sports allocation and sports needs have not yet fully matched,Tianhe District,Yuexiu District,Liwan District and other areas have a higher 15 min fitness circle coverage rate,Conghua District,Nansha District and other large areas of non-gymnasium radiation state;(4) Each district per capita gymnasium area of Guangzhou is disparity,spatial correlation is not significant enough,only Panyu District and Tianhe District appeared high-low(HL)concentration phenomenon,showing a single polarization characteristics.