网络空间地图可视化方法研究综述

A Review of Visualization Methods of Cyberspace Map

随着信息技术的发展,网络空间与国家安全、军事、政治、经济、生活息息相关,网络空间地图作为人类认识复杂网络空间的工具越来越得到重视,但已有研究较为零碎和分散。针对网络空间自身特点,以网络空间地图可视化任务需求为牵引,系统综述了网络空间地图可视化的研究现状,辨析了网络空间地图需重点关注的研究方向。从地图学的角度探讨了网络空间的特点,引入隐喻理论探索了网络空间的组成及要素分类,探究了网络空间地图可视化的任务;对各类网络空间要素可视化方法进行了体系化分析,梳理了研究进展并进行了总结分析。研究认为,网络空间地图可视化基础理论、网络空间与地理空间的映射以及虚拟形态要素的可视化研究等是网路空间地图的未来研究趋势。

With the development of information technology,cyberspace is closely related to national security,military,politics,economy and life.As a tool for human beings to understand complex cyberspace,cyberspace map has attracted more and more attention,but the existing research is fragmented and scattered.In order to form the method system and product system of cyberspace map visualization,expand the functions and application fields of cartography,and provide map guarantee for safeguarding the sovereignty,security and governance of cyberspace and promoting cyberspace research,this paper systematically summarizes the research status of cyberspace map visualization based on the characteristics of cyberspace and the requirements of the cyberspace map visualization task,the research direction of cyberspace map are analyzed.Firstly,the characteristics of cyberspace are expounded from the perspective of cartography.Then it introduces metaphor theory to analyze and understand the composition of cyberspace,which is divided into four layers and seven elements,namely,basic layer(including geographical elements,physical elements and logical elements),role layer(including entity and virtual role elements),data layer(including data elements) and activity layer(including activity elements).The visualization tasks of cyberspace map are divided into two categories:Conventional tasks,attack and defense tasks.The specific contents of each type of task and the elements to be visualized are described.After that,the existing visualization products of cyberspace map are widely collected,and the visualization methods of elements are sorted out.The visualization methods of cyberspace map are summarized into three categories:Map,topology map and knowledge map.Finally,the research progress is summarized and analyzed.It is considered that the basic theory of cyberspace map visualization,the mapping between cyberspace and geographical space,and the visualization of virtual form elements are the future research direction.