江浙沪乡村人居环境质量评价及空间格局分析

Evaluation and differentiation of rural human settlements in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai

以江苏、浙江、上海三省的乡村为研究对象,通过构建评价指标、建立模型等研究方法,基于生产环境、生态环境、生活环境、社会环境四个层面来探究乡村人居环境质量并理清其空间分异特征及其影响因素。研究表明:江浙沪的乡村人居环境水平呈现出明显的以苏南、浙北为中心,向周边梯度下降的空间分异特征;据影响因素探究得出其空间差异与城市总体经济水平、村民人均收入关联较大,而与村集体收入关联较弱;地形因素对浙江乡村人居环境造成了一定影响,而对江浙沪整体的制约作用微乎其微。对此,笔者提出应着力加强苏北、浙南地区的乡村建设,将振兴经济作为乡村工作的重点,同时应重视浙南山区乡村人居环境的建设;并根据人居环境特征差异进行分类且提出相关优化策略。

Taking the villages of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai provinces as the evaluation object, this paper e-valuates the quality of rural human settlements from the four levels of production environment, ecological envi-ronment, living environment and social environment, and analyzes the spatial characteristics and influencing fac-tors of rural human settlements quality in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. It is found that the level of rural resi-dential environment in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai shows the characteristics of obvious gradient decline from southern Jiangsu and Northern Zhejiang to the periphery. It is closely related to the overall economic level of the city and the per capita income of villagers, but weakly related to the collective income of villages. At the same time, the terrain has a certain impact on the rural residential environment in Zhejiang, but on the whole, it has little restrictive effect in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. In this regard, we should focus on strengthening the ru-ral construction in Northern Jiangsu and southern Zhejiang, take revitalizing the economy as the focus of rural work, and pay attention to the construction of rural human settlements in mountainous areas of southern Zhejiang,and put forward relevant promotion strategies according to the characteristics of human settlements.