面向2045:越南职业教育新战略及其施行挑战——基于对《面向2045:越南职业教育战略(2021—2030年)》的分析

Towards 2045:Vietnam’s New Vocational Education Strategy and Its Implementation Challenges

2021年12月,越南公布《面向2045:越南职业教育战略(2021—2030年)》,旨在以职业教育培养大量技能型人才、助力教育扶贫、应对人口老龄化危机和工业4.0对劳动力市场的冲击。该战略在分析越南职业教育现状的基础之上确定了未来10年越南职业教育发展的目标及方向,并通过完善职业教育制度、提升职业教育质量、普及现代信息技术和推动职业教育国际合作等一系列战略行动来助力目标实现。但越南在推行职业教育发展战略过程中也面临着社会对职业教育认知偏颇、教育资源供求不匹配和“新冠”疫情蔓延等诸多挑战。

In December 2021,Vietnam announced Towards 2045:Vietnam Vocational Education Strategy(2021-2030).It aims to cultivate many skilled talents through vocational education,promote education to alleviate poverty,cope with the aging population crisis,and reduce the conflict of Industry 4.0 on the labor market.Based on the analysis of the current situation of vocational education in Vietnam,the strategy determines the goals and directions for the development of vocational education in the next ten years.A series of strategic actions are taken to achieve the goals,including improving the vocational education system,enhancing the quality of vocational education,popularizing modern information technology,and promoting international cooperation.However,in the process of implementing,Vietnam also faces many challenges.The unbalanced social perception of vocational education,the insufficient supply and demand of educational resources,and the spread of the novel coronavirus obstruct its development.