关于跨过“门槛”以后的想象--细读鲁迅的小说《孔乙己》

A Close Reading of'Kong Yiji',a Story by Lu Xun,in Relation to the Imagination after Crossing the Threshold

《孔乙己》作为中国现代文学史上的不朽名篇,中外学者做了大量的相关研究,尽管研究的角度与结论各不相同,但孔乙己在“吃人”伦理和“看客”的嘲笑中的“失败”和“没落”的框架却几乎没有变化。从空间与人物的关系出发,对作品进行再解读,与其说是孔乙己“始终游离于空间之外”,不如说他先是试图向和谐空间裂缝,而觉察到其不可能,最后毅然履行从这空间的摆脱。因此,孔乙己的跨过“门槛”是忍辱负重,不是失败者的零落,他的离乡可以解释为他终于从这和谐的咸亨酒店摆脱出来的“脱走”。

Scholars,Chinese and foreign,have done a large number of relevant studies on'Kong Yiji',as an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern Chinese literature.Although these studies take different angles and reach various conclusions,but the frame remains hardly changed in which Kong Yiji’s failure and loss is stuck in the ethics of man-eating and the laughter of the onlookers.If one conducts a re-interpretation of the work,judging by the relationship between the space and the characters,one can find that Kong Yiji,instead of always drifting outside the space,first tries to move to the crack of a harmonious space and,when finding this impossible,ends up resolutely ridding oneself off this space.For this reason,Kong Yiji’s crossing the threshold is his swallowing of the humiliation,not the defeat of a loser as his departure from home could be explained as a final detachment from the harmonious Xianheng Wine Shop.