广西北海冯家江口及其邻近海域生态环境综合评价

Integrated Assessment of Ecological Environment of Fengjiajiang River Estuary and Its Adjacent Area in Beihai, Guangxi

河口生态系统具有开放性、敏感性和脆弱性,保护好河口生态环境十分重要。广西北海冯家江口及其邻近海域拥有红树林湿地和沙滩景观,具有较高的生态服务价值,同时又容易受人类活动影响。为了研究冯家江口及其邻近海域生态环境状况和主要影响因素,本文根据2021年9月在研究区进行的海洋环境质量调查结果,通过构建三级评价标准体系,采用指标体系法对海区生态环境进行综合评价。评价结果显示海区生态环境质量整体为优,其中冯家江口邻近海域生态环境质量为优;而冯家江口海洋生态环境受海水中的溶解氧、无机氮、活性磷酸盐含量以及浮游动物多样性等因素的影响,生态环境质量只达到中等或良好水平。保护冯家江河口生态环境需要控制河口营养盐的输入和恢复海洋生物多样性。

Estuarine ecosystems are open, susceptible and fragile, and it is important to protect the estuarine ecosystems.There are mangrove wetlands and beach landscapes in Fengjiajiang River Estuary and its adjacent area, which have high ecological service value and are easily affected by human activities.In order to evaluate the status of the marine ecological environment and identify the main influencing factors in the Fengjiajiang River Estuary and its adjacent area, this paper analyzes the results of the marine environmental quality survey in the study area in September 2021,constructs a three-level evaluation standard system, and adopts the index system method to integrated evaluate the marine ecological environment of the study area.The results show that the marine ecological environment of the study area was excellent.The marine ecological environment of the adjacent area was excellent.But affected by the content of dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate in seawater and the diversity of zooplankton, the marine ecological environment of Fengjiajiang River Estuary only reached moderate or good level.To protect the ecological environment of the Fengjiajiang River Estuary, attention should be paid to controlling the input of nutrients in the estuary and restoring marine biodiversity.