不同粪便对糖蜜酒精废水厌氧消化污泥的影响

Effect of Different Manure on Anaerobic Digestion Sludge of Molasses Alcohol Wastewater

为研究动物粪便驯化污泥对糖蜜酒精废水(MAW)的厌氧消化效果及抗逆性,本研究以猪粪(SMS)、鸡粪(CMS)和牛粪(BMS) 3种粪便驯化的污泥作为厌氧消化的接种物,在高有机负荷率(OLR)和高浓度硫酸盐的条件下进行37℃恒温厌氧消化,采用改进后的重铬酸钾法和氯化钡浊度法分别测定废水中的溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)和硫酸盐浓度,并利用16S rRNA测序技术对污泥群落结构进行分析。结果表明,3组污泥对MAW具有良好的消化效果,在OLR为6.0 gSCOD·L^(-1)·d^(-1)时,SMS组、CMS组和BMS组的SCOD去除率达最高,分别为(64.6±0.2)%、(68.1±0.3)%和(65.2±1.4)%,CMS组分别比SMS组、BMS组高约3.5%和2.9%。在高硫酸盐浓度下,3组污泥SCOD去除率和沼气中甲烷的体积占比受影响较大,均呈下降趋势,但CMS组相对影响较小。各组污泥微生物群落结构中的优势种群大致相同,具水解或产酸功能的克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)和乙酸型产甲烷菌甲烷鬃菌科(Methanosaetaceae)在CMS组中富集,表明特定菌群丰度的变化可能是污泥抗逆性差异的原因。综合评价各阶段反应器厌氧性能,鸡粪驯化的污泥在处理MAW方面具有较好的消化效果。

To study the anaerobic digestion effect and stress resistance of domesticated sludge from animal manure on molasses alcohol wastewater(MAW),three kinds of sludge domesticated from swine manure(SMS),chicken manure(CMS) and cow manure(BMS) were used as inoculums for anaerobic digestion.The anaerobic digestion was carried out at a constant temperature of 37℃ under the conditions of high Organic Loading Rate(OLR) and high sulfate concentration.The Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand(SCOD) and sulfate concentration in the wastewater were determined by the modified potassium dichromate method and barium chloride turbidity method, respectively, and the sludge community structure was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.The results showed that the three groups of sludge had good digestion effect on MAW.When the OLR was 6.0 gSCOD·L^(-1)·d^(-1),the removal rate of SCOD reached the highest, SMS,CMS and BMS were(64.6±0.2)%,(68.1±0.3)% and(65.2±1.4)%,respectively.The CMS group was about 3.5% and 2.9% higher than the SMS group and the BMS group, respectively.Under high sulfate concentration, the SCOD removal rate and the volume proportion of methane in biogas of the three groups sludge were greatly affected and showed a downward trend.Among them, the CMS group was relatively less affected.The dominant populations in the community structure of sludge microorganisms were approximately the same in all groups.Christensenellaceae with hydrolytic or acid-producing functions and Methanosaetaceae with an acetic acid-producing methanogenic bacterium were enriched in the CMS group, indicating that the change in the abundance of specific bacteria may be the reason of the difference in sludge resistance.A comprehensive evaluation of the anaerobic performance of the reactors at each stage showed that the acclimation sludge from chicken manure has better digestion effect in the treatment of MAW.