纳米载体负载声敏剂的研究进展和挑战

Recent progress and challenges of nanocarriers in sonodynamic therapy

声动力治疗是将低频超声与声敏剂相结合的非侵入性肿瘤治疗方法,由于其副作用小、治疗深度深等优点,受到科学家们的重视。有机声敏剂作为初代声敏剂已经被研究多年,但是其水溶性差、无法在肿瘤部位大量聚集等缺陷阻碍了其声动力应用。快速发展的纳米技术为许多问题的解决提供了新的思路,尤其利用纳米载体负载声敏剂,可以解决有机声敏剂水溶性差、容易被提前释放等问题,实现药物靶向作用,为声动力治疗与其他疗法结合提供平台,进一步发挥声动力治疗疗效。因此,该文总结了纳米载体负载有机声敏剂用于声动力治疗的相关研究,着重介绍纳米载体在声动力治疗中的研究进展及相关机理,指出现存问题,最终希望可以总结出用于声动力治疗的纳米载体的共性,为今后研究提供帮助。

Sonodynamic thearpy(SDT)is a non-invasive tumor treatment method combining low-frequency ultrasound and sonosensitizer.Due to its advantages such as small side effects and deep treatment depth,SDT has been paid much attention by scientists.Organic sonosensitizer,as the first generation of sonosensitizer,has been studied for years,but some of defects hinder its sonodynamic applications.The rapid development of nanotechnology can help to solve many problems related to it,especially the use of nanocarriers can slove problems like poor water solubility and easy to be released early,realizing the target effect and synergisitic effect with other therapies to improve its sonosensitivity.Therefore it is necessary to summarize the related research of nanocarriers loaded with organic sonosensitizer.In this paper,we introduce the progress and mechanisms of nanocarriers in SDT to point out those existing problems and finally hope to find common features of nanocarriers to provide help for future research.