微塑料老化行为及其对重金属吸附影响的研究进展

Progress in the Study on Ageing Behavior of Microplastics and Its Effect on Heavy Metal Adsorption

微塑料具有粒径小、比表面积大和疏水性强等特点,是环境中污染物的理想载体。微塑料污染已成为全球性问题,微塑料广泛存在于水、土壤和大气环境中,而且在不同地区微塑料丰度不同。环境中的微塑料由于光照、氧化和机械磨损等因素会发生老化作用,使其理化性质发生改变,从而影响其与污染物的交互作用。目前有关微塑料与污染物交互作用的研究主要集中于有机污染物,而对微塑料的老化行为及其对重金属吸附的影响及影响机制的研究尚处于起步阶段。综述了微塑料老化的研究现状,包括老化前后微塑料的表面变化、官能团变化、结晶度变化及塑料添加剂的释放;阐述了老化微塑料对重金属吸附的影响及吸附机制的研究进展以及对未来研究重点的展望,以期为全面了解微塑料的研究现状与未来研究方向提供参考。

Microplastics are regarded as the ideal carriers of pollutants present in the environment due to their small particle size,large specific surface area and high hydrophobicity.At present,microplastic pollution has become a health concern worldwide.Microplastics are commonly found in water,soil and the atmosphere,the concentration of which varies from region to region.The microplastics existing in the environment are often subject to ageing effects due to solar irradiation,oxidation and mechanical wear,which causes change to their physicochemical properties and triggers their interaction with pollutants.As for the current research on microplastic-pollutant interactions,it focuses on organic pollutants,and the researches on exploring the ageing behaviour of microplastics,its effect on heavy metal adsorption and the mechanisms behind it are just in the initial stage.An overview of the current status of research on microplastic ageing,including surface changes,functional group changes,crystallinity changes and release of plastic additives before and after ageing.Besides,the progress made in studying the effects of ageing microplastics on heavy metal adsorption and its mechanisms are explored.On this basis,the future directions of research are indicated.It is expected to provide a practical reference for fully understanding the current status of research on microplastics and its future directions.