成分献血不良反应的预防及处理

Prevention and Treatment of Adverse Reactions of Blood Component Donation

目的探讨成分献血不良反应的预防及处理分析。方法从2021年1月~2021年12月来我站献血的人群中选取600例作为研究对象,分析人群出现不良反应情况,并寻找有效的处理措施。结果600例献血人群中,共发生献血不良反应13例,男性献血不良反应发生率低于女性(P<0.05);600例人群中首次成分献血者86例,发生献血不良反应7例,发生率为8.1%,多次成分献血者514例,发生献血不良反应6例,发生率1.2%,首次成分献血者的不良反应发生率高于多次成分献血者(P<0.05);在13例献血不良反应人群中,发生血管抑制性晕厥2例,占比为15.4%,发生低血容量性休克2例,占比为15.4%,发生低血糖3例,占比为23.1%,发生低钙反应6例,占比为46.1%。结论对于因不同原因而导致的成分献血不良反应,需及时通过切实可行的方案对其实施预防及处理,从而有效降低献血不良反应发生,确保献血者的安全及血液成分产品的质量,促进无偿成分献血者队伍的稳定与壮大。

Objective To investigate the prevention and treatment of adverse reactions of blood component donation.Methods 600 cases who donated their blood in our center between January and December in 2021 were selected to analyze the adverse reactions among them and find out effective treatments.Results Among all these cases,13 cases had adverse reactions.Incidence of adverse reactions of male blood donor is lower than that of female(P<0.05).Among the 86 cases who donated blood for the first time,7 cases(8.1%)had adverse reactions.6 out of 514 cases donating blood for several times had adverse reactions(1.2%).Incidence of adverse reactions of donors who donated blood for the first time is higher than those who have donated for several times(P<0.05).Among the cases who had adverse reactions,2 suffered vasodepressor syncope(15.4%),2 suffered hypovolemic shock(15.4%),3 had hypoglycemia(23.1%)and 6 had hypocalcaemia(46.1%).Conclusions Practical plans are needed to prevent and treat these adverse reactions due to different reasons,so that the safety of the donors can be ensured and the quality of the blood component products to expect the stability and increase of voluntary blood component donors.