中国老年住院患者营养风险发生率的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the incidence of nutritional risk in elderly inpatients in China

目的系统评价中国老年住院患者营养风险发生率。方法计算机检索数据库:中国知网、万方、维普、SinoMed、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library,搜集中国老年住院患者营养风险发生率相关的文献至2021年9月。由两位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料,并采用美国卫生保健质量和研究机构推荐的11条标准进行文献质量评价,对符合标准的文献采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入25篇研究,包括21939名老年住院患者。Meta分析结果显示,中国老年住院患者总营养风险发生率为46.4%[95%CI(41.7%~51.1%)]。亚组分析结果显示:男性和女性营养风险发生率分别为46.6%、44.1%。60~69岁、70~79岁、80岁以上患者发生率分别为31.4%、52.4%、60.2%。2015年以前及2015年以后患者发生率分别为42.9%、51.8%。南北地区患者发生率分别为50.5%、41.5%。不同科室之间老年住院患者营养风险发生率存在差异。结论我国老年住院患者营养风险发生率较高,并且近几年仍在升高,且不同性别、年龄、时间、地区及科室的营养风险发生率存在差异,临床应高度重视老年住院患者营养风险发生情况。

Objective To systematically evaluate the incidence of nutritional risk in elderly inpatients in China.Methods The literature related to the incidence of nutritional risk in elderly Chinese inpatients until September 2021 were searched out from databases including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library.Literature screening and data extraction were independently completed by two researchers,and literature quality evaluation was conducted with the use of the 11 criteria recommended by U.S.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ),and meta-analysis was performed on the literature that met the criteria by Stata 16.0 software.Results A total of 25 studies involving 21939 elderly inpatients was included in this analysis.Meta-analysis showed that the overall incidence of nutritional risk in elderly inpatients in China was 46.4%(95%CI[41.7%–51.1%]).Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of nutritional risk in male and female was 46.6%and 44.1%,respectively.The incidence in patients aged 60–69 years,70–79 years,and over 80 years were 31.4%,52.4%and 60.2%,respectively.The incidence before and after 2015 were 42.9%and 51.8%,respectively.The incidence was 50.5%in the south and 41.5%in the north.There were differences in the incidence of nutritional risks among elderly inpatients in different departments.Conclusion The incidence of nutritional risk in elderly inpatients in China is high,and it is still increasing in recent years,and there are differences in the incidence of nutritional risk among different genders,ages,times,regions and departments.Great attention thus should be paid to the incidence of nutritional risk in elderly inpatients in clinical practices.