自贸试验区建设对科技人才集聚影响的研究

Research on the Impact of the Pilot Free-Trade Zones on the Agglomeration of Scientific and Technological Talents

基于2011-2019年国内上市企业面板数据,运用多期双重差分模型(DID),实证分析了自贸试验区建设对科技人才集聚的影响。研究表明:自贸试验区建设显著促进了区内上市企业科技人才集聚,且经过反事实分析、剔除其他政策叠加效应等稳健性检验后该结论仍成立。传导机制分析表明,自贸试验区内企业通过提高薪酬待遇、改善研发环境促进了科技人才集聚,而降低税率水平的中介效应不显著。异质性分析表明,自贸试验区显著促进了非国有企业与东部地区企业的科技人才集聚,未促进国有企业与中西部地区企业的科技人才集聚。

Based on the panel data of domestic listed enterprises from 2011 to 2019,this paper empirically analyzed the impact of the construction of the Pilot Free Trade Zone(PFTZ)on the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents by using the Multi-Period Difference-in-Difference Model(DID).The results show that the construction of the PFTZ significantly promoted the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents of listed enterprises in the PFTZ,and this conclusion was still valid after counter-factual analysis and robustness test excluding the superimposed effects of other policies.The analysis of transmission mechanism shows that enterprises in the PFTZ promoted the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents by improving the remuneration and R&D environment,but the mediation effect of lowering the tax rate was not significant.Heterogeneity analyses show that the PFTZ significantly promoted the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents between non-State-owned enterprises and enterprises in eastern China,but did not between state-owned enterprises and enterprises in central and western China.