中小学生亲子亲合对外化问题行为的影响:安全感和自我控制的链式中介作用

The influence of parent-child cohesion of primary and middle school students on externalizing problem behaviors: chain mediating effect of security and self-control

目的探究中小学生安全感和自我控制在亲子亲合与外化问题行为之间的影响作用。方法采用问题行为频率量表(problem behavior frequency scale, PBFS)、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(family adaptability and cohesion scale, FACES-CV)、安全感量表(security questionnaire, SQ)、自我控制量表简版(brief self control scale, BSCS)对1 402名中小学生进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 25.0和PROCESS v2.16进行统计分析, 统计方法采用共同方法偏差检验、Pearson相关分析、中介效应分析。结果中小学生亲子亲合与安全感、自我控制均正相关(r=0.279, 0.303;均P<0.01), 与外化问题行为负相关(r=-0.154, P<0.01);安全感与自我控制正相关(r=0.567, P<0.01);安全感、自我控制与外化问题行为均负相关(r=-0.147, -0.250;均P<0.01)。中小学生安全感和自我控制在亲子亲合与外化问题行为之间发挥部分中介作用, 中介效应由2条路径组成:亲子亲合—自我控制—外化问题行为;亲子亲合—安全感—自我控制—外化问题行为。这两条路径的效应值分别占总效应的20.52%, 20.26%。结论亲子亲合除了直接影响中小学生外化问题行为, 还通过自我控制的独立中介效应以及安全感—自我控制的链式中介效应间接影响外化问题行为。

Objective To explore the effect sense of security and self-control on parent-child cohesion and externalizing problem behaviors in primary and middle school students.Methods A total of 1402 primary and middle school students were investigated with the problem behavior frequency scale(PBFS),family adaptability and cohesion scale(FACES-CV),security questionnaire(SQ)and brief self-control scale(BSCS).SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS v2.16 were used for statistical analysis,and common method deviation test,Pearson correlation analysis and intermediary effect analysis were used in the analysis.Results Parent-child cohesion of primary and middle school students was positively correlated with security and self-control(r=0.279,0.303,both P<0.01),which was negatively correlated with externalizing problem behaviors(r=-0.154,P<0.01).Security was positively correlated with self-control(r=0.567,P<0.01).Security,self-control and externalizing problem behaviors were negatively correlated(r=-0.147,-0.250,both P<0.01).The security and self-control of primary and middle school students played a partial mediating role between parent-child cohesion and externalizing problem behaviors.The mediating effect consisted of two paths:one was parent-child cohesion-self-control-externalizing problem behaviors,the other was parent-child cohesion-security-self-control-externalizing problem behaviors.The effect values of these two paths accounted for 20.52%and 20.26%of the total effect respectively.Conclusion Parent-child cohesion not only directly affects the externalizing problem behaviors of primary and middle school students,but also indirectly affects the externalizing problem behavior through the independent mediating effect of self-control and the chain mediation of security-self-control.