生态文明建设视角下矿业用地问题与对策:以宁夏回族自治区为例

Problems and countermeasures of mining land use under the perspective of ecological civilization construction:a case study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

在生态文明建设和黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展过程中,矿业高质量发展是其中重要一环,矿业活动中用地问题是长期困扰宁夏矿业发展的难题。本文在调查宁夏煤矿用地和非煤矿山用地现状的基础上,分析了面临的四个方面的问题,提出了顶层设计中加强矿产资源规划与国土空间规划衔接、土地管理中提高矿业节约集约用地水平、矿业权审批中积极推广净采矿权出让、监督管理中运用信息化手段加强矿业用地常态化监测、生态修复中探索实施差异化矿山土地复垦的对策建议,以期为科学合理开发利用矿产资源,助推矿业绿色和高质量发展提供参考。矿业绿色发展给矿业用地提出了新的更高要求,在当前生态环境现状下,矿业活动应统筹协调资源利用与生态保护关系,规范矿业用地,矿山土地复垦应在区域生态系统背景下,进行山水林田湖草沙综合治理、系统修复,守住生态敏感脆弱区自然生态安全边界。

As a part of the construction of ecological civilization and the Yellow River Basin ecological protection and high-quality development process,mining quality development is a key component.However,land use has been a long-standing problem in mining development in Ningxia.This paper analyzes four aspects of the challenges confronting mining land use in Ningxia based on investigation of the current situation.Puts forward to strengthen the planning of mineral resources and national spatial planning of cohesion in top-level design,improving mining and intensive use of land in land management,enhance the monitoring of mining lands through the use of information technology in all aspects of supervision and management,and explore differentiated mine land reclamation for ecological restoration.With the aim of providing a reference for the rational and scientific utilization and development of mineral resources and as a means of promoting the green and high-quality development of the mining.In the current ecological context,mining activities should coordinate the use of resources and ecological protection,mining land use should by means of rules.Mine land reclamation should be consistent with the local regional ecosystem,the mountains,basin,forest,farmland,lake,grass and sand shall be integrated design during restoration,in order to protect the ecological security in environment sensitive and fragile region.