河北某低品位难选铅锌矿选矿工艺优化研究

Study on the optimization of beneficiation technology of a low grade refractory lead-zinc ore in Hebei Province

河北某低品位硫化铅锌矿在生产过程中存在铅锌产品互含较高的问题,严重影响了企业的经营效益。本文针对该铅锌矿石开展工艺矿物学研究,查明了矿石化学成份、矿物组成、赋存状态和嵌布特征,着重考察了锌浮选在入选粒度、抑制剂、活化剂等多个浮选因素,确定了最佳的工艺流程和工艺参数,推荐采用铅锌依次优先浮选、一粗二扫铅粗精矿再磨三精选铅流程、一粗二精二扫选锌流程。当原矿入选细度-0.074 mm占比为65%,铅粗选矿浆pH值为11~12时,铅粗精矿再磨细度-0.038 mm占比达到80%的条件下,采用硫酸锌+亚硫酸钠抑锌,乙硫氮为捕收剂优先浮铅,硫酸铜为锌活化剂,丁黄药为捕收剂浮锌的药剂制度,优先浮铅再浮锌的工艺流程对铅、锌进行回收,可实现铅品位58.63%、含锌5.92%、含银452.85 g/t、铅回收率78.36%、银回收率52.48%的铅精矿和锌品位52.34%、含铅1.28%、锌回收率72.15%的锌精矿,有效地解决了产品中铅锌互含较高问题,大幅优化了选厂的生产技术指标,预计经济效益可达4704.5万元/a。

The problem that lead-zinc products are highly contained in each other seriously affects the operating efficiency of the enterprise in the production process of a low-grade lead-zinc sulfide mine in Hebei Province.The process mineralogy study is carried out for the lead-zinc ore,and the chemical composition,mineral composition,occurrence state and embedded characteristics of the ore are found out.The flotation factors such as the size of zinc flotation,inhibitor and activator are emphatically investigated,and the optimal process flow and process parameters are determined.The process of lead-zinc sequential preferential flotation,the one coarse two scavenging-lead roughing concentrate regrinding-three fine lead separation,and the one coarse two scavenging and two fine zinc separation are recommended.When the fineness of the raw ore is-0.074 mm,which is 65%,the pH value of the lead roughing pulp is 11-12,and the regrinding fineness of the lead roughing concentrate is-0.038 mm,which reaches 80%,the reagent system of zinc sulfate+sodium sulfite is used to suppress zinc,ethyl sulfur nitrogen is used as the collector to float lead preferentially,copper sulfate is used as the zinc activator,and butyl xanthate is used as the collector to float zinc.The process flow of lead floatation and zinc floatation is used to recover lead and zinc.The test can achieve a lead concentrate with lead grade of 58.63%,zinc content of 5.92%,silver content of 452.85 g/t,lead recovery of 78.36%,silver recovery of 52.48%,and zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 52.34%,lead content of 1.28%,and zinc recovery of 72.15%can be achieved.It has effectively solved the problem of high lead-zinc content in the products,greatly optimized the production technical indicators of the concentrator,and the economic benefit is expected to reach 47.045 million yuan per year.