交联型水性聚氨酯织物涂层剂的制备及防水透湿性能

Preparation of Crosslinked Waterborne Polyurethane Fabric Coating Agents and Their Waterproof and Moisture Permeability

以聚己二酸-1,4-丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为原料,以酒石酸与聚乙二醇直接反应生成的酒石酸聚乙二醇酯(TPEG)为交联剂,制备出交联型水性聚氨酯(TPWPU)织物涂层剂。通过核磁共振和红外光谱对合成的TPEG进行了结构表征,通过粒径、吸水率、水接触角、拉伸等测试对TPWPU乳液和涂膜的性能展开分析,通过耐静水压和透湿率测试对涂层织物的防水透湿性能进行了探究。结果表明,当w(TPEG)=1.8%时,乳液平均粒径为78 nm,TPWPU涂膜吸水率为14.1%、水接触角为85.2°、抗张强度为9.7 MPa、断裂伸长率为845%,综合性能最佳,此时的TPWPU涂层织物耐静水压值为8.0 kPa、透湿率为3.2 kg/(m^(2)·24h)。

Crosslinked waterborne polyurethane(TPWPU)fabric coating agents were prepared from polyadipic acid-1,4-butanediol diol(PBA),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),dihydroxymethylpropionic acid(DMPA)and polyethylene glycol tartrate(TPEG),which was synthesized by direct reaction of tartaric acid with polyethylene glycol(PEG).The structure of the synthesized TPEG was characterized by^(1)H-NMR and FT-IR.The properties of TPWPU emulsions and films were analyzed through particle size,water absorption,water contact angle and tensile tests.The waterproof and moisture permeability of coated fabrics were explored through hydrostatic pressure resistance and moisture permeability tests.The results show that when w(TPEG)=1.8%,the average particle size of the emulsion is 78 nm,the water absorption rate of TPWPU film is 14.1%,the water contact angle is 85.2°,the tensile strength is 9.7 MPa,the elongation at break is 845%,and the overall performance is the best.At this time,the hydrostatic pressure resistance value of TPWPU coated fabric is 8.0 kPa,and the moisture permeability is 3.2 kg/(m^(2)·24 h).