起重机超速保护装置的检验及案例分析

Inspection and Case Analysis of Crane Overspeed Protection Device

采用变频或者非平衡式变幅机构作为起升机构的起重机出现电气或机械故障时,会造成重物快速下降或变幅结构超速运行的事故,超速保护装置作为起重机械安全保护装置的一部分,就是为了防止这类事故的发生而设置的。超速保护装置对起重机的安全运行和可靠起吊有着重要的作用,一旦失效可能导致设备的损坏或者安全事故的发生,因此探讨如何对其的检验显得尤为重要。简要概述了起重机超速保护装置的原理,介绍了超速产生的原因及危害,并对起重机超速保护装置的常规检验和激光测速检验方法进行探讨,在此基础上对检验中碰到的吊运熔融金属的起重机设置的超速保护装置只在起升机构上升方向起作用,下降方向无效的案例进行分析,以期能为超速保护装置的检验提供参考借鉴。

When the crane using frequency conversion or unbalanced luffing mechanism as the lifting mechanism has electrical or mechanical failure,it will cause the accident of rapid lowering of the weight or overspeed operation of the luffing structure.As a part of the safety protection device of the lifting machinery,the overspeed protection device is set to prevent the occurrence of such accidents.Overspeed protection device plays an important role in the safe operation and reliable lifting of crane.Once it fails,it may lead to equipment damage or safety accidents.Therefore,it is particularly important to explore how to inspect it.The principle of the crane overspeed protection device was briefly summarized,the causes and hazards of overspeed were introduced,and the routine inspection and laser speed measurement inspection methods of the crane overspeed protection device were discussed.On this basis,through the analysis of the case that the overspeed protection device set by the crane lifting molten metal only works in the rising direction of the lifting mechanism and the falling direction is invalid,provide reference for the inspection of overspeed protection device.