间充质干细胞治疗自闭症的研究进展

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of autism

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种异质性神经发育障碍疾病,其基本特征是兴趣范围狭窄、行为方式刻板、交流障碍(语言及非语言)、行为异常等。尽管自闭症患者人数逐年攀升,带来了经济和社会影响,但由于目前对其具体发病机制尚不明确,而无法将其治愈。自闭症包括异质和复杂的神经发育病理,具有明确的炎症反应和免疫系统功能障碍,根据这些变化,干细胞治疗被提出并运用于ASD。间充质干细胞(MSCs)具有强大的多向分化功能、旁分泌再生功能、免疫调节功能、神经保护作用等,使得MSCs成为治疗ASD的潜在方法。本文综述了近年有关使用MSCs治疗自闭症(临床试验及动物模型)的研究结果,并讨论此法的不足之处及研究展望。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder,its basic characteristics are narrow scope of interest,stereotyped behavior,communication disorders(verbal and nonverbal),abnormal behavior,etc.Although the number of autism patients has been increasing year by year,which has brought about economic and social impact,the specific pathogenesis of autism is still unclear,and it cannot be cured.Autism includes heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental pathology,with clear inflammatory conditions and immune system dysfunction.Bases on these changes,stem cell therapy is proposed and applied to ASD.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have powerful multidirectional differentiation function,paracrine regeneration function,neuroprotection,etc.,which makes MSCs a potential treatment method for treatment of ASD.This article reviews recent research results on the use of MSCs to treat autism(clinical trials and animal models),and discuss shortcomings of this method and research prospects.