多孩与老龄化趋势下可变多适性住宅的再研究

Further Study on Flexible Adaptive Residence under the Trend of Multi Children and Aging

新时期,我国家庭结构呈现多孩与老龄化的发展趋势,同时外部政策收紧,未来同一套住房要满足住户长周期使用的需要。20世纪发展起来的SI住宅能实现可变多适应性、长效使用的目标,其在新形势下需求增加。研究重新提出了可变多适性住宅的改进方案,首先在设计理念上分阶段改造,减少可变部分,降低技术难度,与建筑装配化、产业化相结合助力发展,并适当扩大套型面积以适应家庭结构;在设计方法中采用套型优化设计、卧室集约化布置、厨卫系统集中设置、公共空间分离等具体措施;在建筑的结构、电气、给排水、暖通、设施部品等关键技术上局部创新以适应可变设计,并采用BIM技术进行管理。

In the new period, China’s family structure shows the development trend of multi-children and aging, while policies are tightening, and the same set of housing in the future needs to meet the needs of the occupants in a long term. The SI housing developed in the last century can achieve the goal of variable multi-adaptability for long-term use, and its demand background is enhanced in the new situation. The paper re-proposes the improvement scheme of flexible adaptive residence. Firstly, in terms of the design concept of phased variable transformation,it is proposed to reduce the variable part to reduce the technical difficulty, to combine with building assembly and industrialization to promote the development, and appropriately expand the set area to adapt to the family structure. In terms of the design method,specific measures, such as set optimization design, intensive bedroom arrangement, centralized setting of kitchen and bathroom system, and separation of public space, etc. are adopted. For the key technologies of structure, electrical, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and facility components, etc. of the buildings,partial innovation are adopted to adapt to the variable design, and BIM technology is adopted for management.