基于Pathfinder的大型商业综合体消防疏散策略研究——以扎哈事务所成都“独角兽岛园区项目”为例

Research on Fire Evacuation Strategy of Large Commercial Complex Based on Pathfinder:A Case of Chengdu “Unicorn Island Park Project” by Zaha Firm

文章以大型商业综合体项目为切入点,分析了在紧急情况下发生火灾时人员安全疏散状况,提出了应急疏散优化策略。首先,介绍了项目概况及建筑消防设计,为模拟对象的选择和分析提供依据。其次,进行人员分析和疏散模拟,借助Pathfinder软件的Steering模式对独角兽园区的一栋办公商业综合体进行疏散仿真研究,通过调研得出人员构成情况、人员基本参数,以及人员特征。进而通过模拟人员疏散情况,分析火灾时人员特征、堵塞情况、疏散出口通过率,以及人员安全疏散时间,总结出该栋建筑疏散存在的问题。最后,对疏散结果存在的问题给出相应的解决策略,主要从水平疏散路线和垂直疏散路线两个方面提出了优化策略,以提高疏散效率。本文重点探讨建筑与人员疏散的关系,对其他因素未详细探讨。

With a large-scale commercial complex project as the entry point, the safety evacuation situation in emergency fire was analyzed, and the emergency evacuation optimization strategy was proposed. First, the project overview and building fire design was introduced to provide basis for the selection and analysis of simulation objects. Secondly, personnel analysis and evacuation simulation were carried out. With the help of Steering mode of Pathfinder software, the evacuation simulation research was carried out on an office commercial complex in Unicorn Park, and the personnel composition, basic personnel parameters and personnel characteristics were obtained through the investigation. Then, by simulating the evacuation situation, the paper analyzed the personnel characteristics, congestion, evacuation exit pass rate, and the safe evacuation time, and summarized the problems in the evacuation of the building. Finally, the corresponding solutions to the problems in the evacuation results were given, which were optimization strategies mainly from the horizontal and vertical evacuation routes,to improve the evacuation efficiency. This paper focused on the relationship between buildings and personnel evacuation, but did not discuss other factors in detail.