六轴卧式数控镗铣机床的研究与开发

Research and Development of 6-axis Boring and Milling Machine

为了解决目前国内外中大型卧式数控镗铣机床在竖直平面内无法倾斜加工的难题,研发了一种六轴卧式数控镗铣加工机床,其数控回转工作台可在水平平面旋转,并可沿X轴相对床身运动,其滑枕与滑台通过水平设置的转轴转动相连,伺服电机通过消除间隙的齿轮带动滑枕绕转轴转动,并通过转轴一端的圆光栅检测旋转角度。此外,设计了滑枕在滑台上转动的抑制机构用于使滑枕在旋转过程中紧贴滑台,确保旋转刚性与旋转精度。镗铣主轴安装在滑枕上,使其可以在竖直平面内绕转轴精密旋转,实现了镗铣主轴在竖直平面内任意角度的旋转,从而方便镗铣加工工件上面与竖直平面相倾斜和水平面相倾斜的孔与面。样机测试表明研发的六轴卧式数控镗铣加工机床可以大大提高加工效率和加工精度。

In order to solve the problem that large and medium-sized horizontal CNC boring and milling machines at home and abroad cannot be tilted in the vertical plane,a six axis horizontal NC boring and milling machine tool was developed,which CNC rotary table could rotate in the horizontal plane and move along the X-axis relative to the bed.Its ram was connected to the slide by a horizontal rotation axis,and driven by a servo motor which was equipped with a clearance eliminating gear,also positioned by a rotary encoder.In addition,there was a tilting restraint mechanism mounted on the ram to make sure it close to the slide,so as to ensure the rotation accuracy and rigidity.The spindle on the ram rotated precisely at any angle in a vertical plane,which made it easy to complete boring and milling holes and surfaces on a workpiece with skew angle.The prototype test shows that the developed six axis horizontal CNC boring and milling machine can greatly improve the processing efficiency and accuracy.