测度构式“不会VP吧”的语义识解及认知阐释

Semantic construal and cognitive explanation of the speculative construction“buhui VP ba”

以往对反义同形以及“语义跷跷板”现象的讨论多集中在词语层面,本研究显示在更大的构式层级上也会出现此种现象。测度构式“不会VP吧”可以表达两种呈逆反关系的语义:“不太相信VP”以及“猜测且有点相信VP”。两种语义分别对应着不同的语义、句法、韵律等方面的语言规约。本文使用“错误管控”理论解释了“不会VP吧”的语义识解倾向,补充了“疑善信恶”论;并结合认知语义学中的对比框架、力动态模型解释了“不会VP吧”为什么可以表达两种逆反的测度义,即它所激活的概念框架中有对立但依存的两个语义面疑与信。

In previous studies,the issue of antonymy and the“semantic seesaw”phenomenon was mainly discussed at the word level,but this study shows that the phenomenon also occurs in a larger grammatical construction.Speculative construction“buhui VP ba”(不会VP吧)has two opposite meanings:“not believing in Vp”and“guessing and believing in VP to a certain degree”,of which language conventions are different in terms of semantics,syntax,and prosody.This paper uses the Error Management Theory to explain the semantic construal tendency of“buhui VP ba”,which expands the discussion of“doubting the good and believing in the evil”.In addition,it explains why this construction can express two different speculative meanings,i.e.,there are two opposing but dependent semantic aspects of the underlying conceptual framework-doubt and faith.