基于正念的干预对慢性精神分裂症住院患者的疗效分析

Analysis of therapeutic effect of mindfulness-based intervention on inpatients with chronic schizophrenia

目的·探讨基于正念的干预(mindfulness-based intervention,MBI)对慢性精神分裂症住院患者的疗效。方法·纳入2021年4月—6月于上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心住院治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者96例,采用随机数字表将其分为MBI组(n=48例)和对照组(n=48例)。MBI组患者在常规治疗的基础上合并5周MBI,对照组则维持常规治疗5周。收集患者的一般资料,比较2组患者在基线及5周后的阳性与阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale,PANSS)、弗莱堡正念调查量表(Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory,FMI)及自我同情量表(Self-compassion Scale,SCS)的评分。结果·一般资料中仅性别的组间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.041)。基线时,2组患者的PANSS、FMI、SCS总分及其各因子评分的组间差异均无统计学意义。5周后,MBI组患者PANSS的一般精神病理因子评分低于对照组(P_(Bonferroni)=0.044),FMI总分和接受因子评分均高于对照组(P_(Bonferroni)=0.018,P_(Bonferroni)=0.003),SCS总分亦高于对照组(P_(Bonferroni)=0.000)。结论·MBI能显著提高慢性精神分裂症住院患者的正念水平和自我同情能力,促进其一般精神病理症状的改善,有利于患者康复。

Objective·To investigate the therapeutic effect of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on inpatients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods·A total of 96 patients with chronic schizophrenia hospitalized in Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April to June 2021 were enrolled.They were divided into MBI group (n=48) and control group (n=48) by using random number table.The patients in the MBI group were combined with 5-week MBI on the basis of routine treatment,while the patients in the control group were maintained with routine treatment for 5 weeks.The general data of patients were collected,and the scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI)and Self-compassion Scale (SCS) were compared between the two groups at baseline and 5 weeks later.Results·In general data,only the gender difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.041).At baseline,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the total scores of PANSS,FMI and SCS and their factor scores.After 5 weeks,the general psychopathology score of PANSS in the MBI group was lower than that in the control group (P_(Bonferroni)=0.044),the total score and acceptance score of FMI were higher than those in the control group (P_(Bonferroni)=0.018,P_(Bonferroni)=0.003),and the total score of SCS was also higher than that in the control group (P_(Bonferroni)=0.000).Conclusion·MBI can significantly improve mindfulness level and self-compassion ability of hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia,and promote the improvement of general psychopathology symptom,which is conducive to rehabilitation.