肝癌早期诊断标志物的研究新进展

New progress in the study of markers for the early diagnosis of liver cancer

肝细胞癌是我国发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,给社会造成了严重的负担。肝脏的超声检查和肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白(AFP)是目前世界范围内应用最广泛的检查措施。然而,超声和AFP在早期肝癌的检测中,准确性有限。目前,许多研究都在寻找诊断早期肝癌的可靠生物标志物,这样的生物标志物将有助于早期肝癌的诊断,确保早发现、早诊断、早治疗。本文总结了蛋白类标志物、基因类标志物(非编码RNA和DNA甲基化)作为生物标志物在鉴别早期肝癌中的作用,并讨论了他们作为诊断早期肝癌生物标志物的潜在意义。

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in our country,which poses a serious burden to society.Liver ultrasound and tumor marker alphafetoprotein(AFP) are the most widely used tests in the world.However,ultrasound and AFP have limited accuracy in the detection of early liver cancer.At present,many studies are looking for reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of early liver cancer.Such biomarkers will help in the diagnosis of early liver cancer and ensure early detection,diagnosis,and treatment.This review summarizes the role of protein markers,gene markers(non-coding RNA and DNA methylation) as biomarkers in the identification of early liver cancer,and discuss their potential significance as biomarkers in the diagnosis of early liver cancer.