从“儿童中心”到“国家本位”:“十七年”时期儿童电影教育刍议

From“children orientation”to“nation standard”:On children’s film education in“the 17-year period”

“十七年”时期的儿童电影教育体现了新中国“国家本位”的儿童教育观,儿童作为社会主义未来的“建设者”“接班人”,必须在电影中接受全方位的政治意识形态教育。从儿童电影教育政策的制定与实施、儿童电影的系统化生产到儿童电影在教学辅助方面的实践与运用,都彰显出新政权利用电影“改造童心”的决心。在儿童电影理论体系的构建上,理论创作界借鉴苏联文论探索出了一条适应当时政治、文化环境的创作范式,并对儿童电影教育的民族化进行了探索与尝试。

Children’s film education in “the 17-year period” reflects the nation-standard view of children’s education in New China. Children, as the builders and successors of the socialist future, must receive all-round political and ideological education from the films. From the formulation and implementation of children’s film education policy, the systematic production of children’s film to the practice and application of children’s film in teaching assistance, it shows the determination of the new regime to use films to “transform children thought”. In the construction of the theoretical system of children’s film, the theoretical creation circle has referred to the Soviet Union literature theory and explored a creative paradigm suitable for the political and cultural context of the time, and has also explored and tried the nationalization of children’s film education.