河南省小学生膳食中铝暴露水平评估

Probability assessment of dietary aluminum exposure among primary school students in Henan Province

目的结合河南省食品中铝含量数据和儿童食物消费量数据,以评估小学生人群膳食铝暴露水平,为相关健康教育和干预措施的制定提供参考。方法选择可能添加含铝添加剂的9种食品,建立河南省9种食品的铝含量数据库和小学生消费量数据库,通过Crystal ball 11.1.2.4软件Monte Carlo模拟计算得到小学生膳食铝暴露量概率分布,并做暴露量敏感性分析。结果各类食品中铝含量最高的为油条油饼,平均为150.89 mg/kg。日均每公斤体重消费量较高的食物为馒头,平均为0.15 g。河南省小学生膳食每周每公斤体重铝暴露量平均为1.99 mg,占暂定每周允许摄入量(provisional tolerable weekly intake,PTWI)的99.7%;每周每公斤体重暴露量P_(95)值为6.16 mg;13.22%的小学生膳食铝暴露量超过每周耐受摄入量(PTWI)。各类食品中,油条油饼的平均每周每公斤体重铝暴露量最高,为1.19 mg,对小学生膳食铝平均暴露水平影响相对突出的变量是油饼油条铝含量。结论河南省小学生人群膳食铝平均暴露水平已非常接近食品添加剂专家委员会(JECFA)制定的PTWI,高消费量人群的膳食铝暴露量已超过PTWI,应采取措施降低小学生人群的膳食铝暴露风险。

Objective Combining the aluminium content data of food in Henan Province with the data of children’s food consumption,to evaluate probability of dietary aluminum exposure among primary school students.Methods Database of nine types of aluminum-containing food and their consumption among primary school students in Henan Province were established.The probability distribution of dietary aluminum exposure was calculated by Monte Carlo simulation using Crystal Ball 11.1.2.4 software,and the sensitivity analysis of exposure was conducted.Results The average content of aluminum in fried bread stick was the highest,with the value of 150.89 mg/kg.The consumption of dietary aluminum was highest in steamed bun,with the value of 0.15 g.The average dietary aluminum exposure per kilogram of body weight was 1.99 mg per week of primary school students in Henan Province,accounting for 99.7%of the provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI).The 95 th percentile of aluminum exposure per kilogram of body weight per week was 6.16 mg,which was three times of that of PTWI.Nearly 13.22%of primary school students had dietary aluminum exposure higher than PTWI.Among all kinds of food,the average aluminum exposure of fried bread stick per kilogram of body weight per week was the highest 1.19 mg.Aluminum content in fried bread stick accounted the highest proportion of average dietary aluminum exposure among primary school students.Conclusion The average dietary aluminum exposure level of primary school students in Henan Province is close to the PTWI established by JECFA,with the high consumption population exceeds the PTWI.Measures should be taken to reduce the dietary aluminum exposure risk of primary school students.