提高须条中纤维伸直平行度的措施

Measures to Improve the Straightness and Parallelism of Fiber in Strand

为改善须条中纤维的伸直平行度、提高成纱质量,分析梳棉工序锡林—道夫三角区纤维握持转移、粘连转移和飘附转移时,弯钩纤维的成因及纤维排列形态;探讨梳棉、并条工序提高纤维伸直平行度的具体措施以及流程的合理配置;介绍重量法测试纤维伸直平行度原理、所需物品、操作步骤和注意事项。指出:须条中纤维的伸直平行度是衡量梳棉、并条、粗纱等工序半制品纤维排列结构的重要指标;梳棉工序通过优选针布、适当提高锡林转速、加大凝聚比、优化隔距、适当降低梳棉机产量、理顺气流状态、提高设备运行状态、适当增大棉网张力,并条工序通过合理设计牵伸倍数及牵伸分配、优化罗拉隔距以及保证设备状态良好;通过掌握奇数法则、根据牵伸型式合理分配牵伸负荷、合理控制各工序的温湿度和半制品回潮率等方面实现工艺的合理配置,可以提高纤维伸直平行度;采用重量法测试纤维伸直平行度具有操作简单方便、重现性好、准确性高等特点,根据各工序半制品的纤维伸直平行度指标采取相应措施,对提高成纱质量效果显著。

In order to improve the straightness and parallelism of fiber in strand and improve yarn quality,the causes of hooked fiber and fiber arrangement morphology are analyzed during fiber holding transfer,adhesion transfer and flapping transfer in the cylinder-doffer triangle area of carding process,the specific measures to improve fiber straightness and parallelism in the carding and drawing process and the rational configuration of processes are discussed.The principle,required items,operation procedure and precautions of testing fiber straightness and parallelism by gravimetric method are introduced.It is pointed out that the straightness and parallelism of the fibers in strand is an important index to measure the fiber arrangement structure in the semi-products of carding,drawing and roving.Carding process through selecting the card clothing,appropriately increasing the cylinder speed,increasing the cohere ratio,optimizing the gauge,appropriately reducing the output of carding machine,straightening out the airflow state,improving the running state of equipment,appropriately increasing the cotton mesh tension,and the drawing process through reasonable design of drafting ratio and drafting distribution,optimization of roller gauge and assurance of equipment in good condition;by mastering the odd number rule,reasonably distributing the drafting load according to the drafting type,reasonably controlling the temperature and humidity of each process and the moisture regain of semi-products and other aspects of the process to achieve reasonable configuration,fiber straightness and parallelism can be improved.Using gravimetric method to measure fiber straightness and parallelism has the characteristics of simple operation,good reproducibility and high accuracy.Taking corresponding measures according to the fiber straightness and parallelism index of semi-products in each process has remarkable effect on improving yarn quality.