3401张治疗湿疹的中药饮片处方用药分析

Analysis on 3401 Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces in the Treatment of Eczema

目的:了解该院治疗湿疹的中药饮片处方的用药情况,探讨中医药治疗湿疹的用药规律。方法:抽取2018-2021年该院中医科门诊诊断为湿疹的中药饮片处方3401张,对患者年龄、性别和处方单味中药使用频率进行调查分析。结果:3401张治疗湿疹的中药饮片处方中,男性患者处方1213张(占35.67%),女性患者处方2188张(占64.33%),女性多于男性;患者年龄4~96岁,平均50岁,30~<70岁患者居多;涉及中药432味,使用频率排序居前50味的中药饮片的药物类别依次为清热药、补益药、利水渗湿药、理气药、化湿药、止咳平喘药、活血化瘀药、解表药、平肝抑阳药、泻下药、祛风湿药。结论:中医药治疗湿疹年轻患者主要以清湿热、毒邪,健脾与利湿同用;对于老年患者,根据老年人身体特性,药多在养血、润肤除燥、祛风止痒,另外配伍活血、祛湿、健脾的药物,可防止老年患者不耐受清利湿热药的苦寒、滑利、渗泄。通过采用中医个体化治疗方案辨证论治,根据湿疹的不同情况来用药,其疗效确切,具有独到的优势,值得临床应用与推广。

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces in the treatment of eczema in the hospital,so as to explore the medication pattern of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of eczema.METHODS:From 2018 to 2021,3401 prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces diagnosed as eczema were extracted from the outpatients of the hospital,and patients’age,gender and frequency of using single traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS:Of the 3401 prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces in the treatment of eczema,there were 1213 prescriptions for males(35.67%)and 2188 prescriptions for females(64.33%),with more females than males.Patients ranged from 4 to 96 years,with an average of 50 years,and most patients were from 30 to<70 years.Totally 432 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were included.The drug categories of the top 50 Chinese herbal medicines in the order of use frequency were antipyretic drugs,deficiency tonics,dampness-relieving drugs,Qi-regulating drugs,dampness-transforming drugs,coughing and asthma-relieving drugs,blood-stasis-activating drugs,epithelial-relieving drugs,liver-suppressing and Yang-suppressing drugs,laxative drugs,and rheumatism-eliminating drugs.CONCLUSIONS:In the treatment of young patients with eczema,traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used to clear dampness and heat,invigorate spleen and reduce dampness.For elderly patients,according to the body characteristics,drugs are mostly in nourishing blood,moistening the skin and removing dryness,dispelling wind and relieving itching,and additionally combining with blood activating,damp dispelling and spleen strengthening drugs can prevent elderly patients from intolerating the bitter cold,slippery and seepage of damp-heat clearing drugs.Through the application of individualized treatment of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment,according to the different conditions of eczema medication,its curative effect is precise and has unique advantages,which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.