湖南北罗霄国家森林公园两栖动物多样性调查与分析

Survey and Analysis on Amphibian Diversity in North Luoxiao National Forest Park of Hunan Province

为了解湖南北罗霄国家森林公园两栖动物的资源状况,2021年4月至8月采用样线法在公园内进行两栖动物多样性调查研究,并访问当地居民进行调查补充。样线调查共布设18条调查样线,详细记录样线内物种名、数量、生境、干扰因素等信息,并对研究结果进行多样性指数、均匀度指数分析。湖南北罗霄国家森林公园现记录两栖动物22种,隶属于1目7科15属,分别占全国和湖南省两栖动物种数的4.27%和25.58%。调查结果表明,动物地理区系组成以东洋界为主,共有14种(63.64%);中国特有种8种;湖南省重点保护陆生野生动物17种;被列为国家二级重点保护野生动物的有虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus chinensis);被《中国生物多样性红色名录》列为濒危(EN)等级的有1种,易危(VU)等级的有3种,近危(NT)等级的有2种。生物多样性计算表明,Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数分别为3.052 3和0.836 5,Pielou均匀度指数为0.500 3。湖南北罗霄国家森林公园两栖物种资源丰富,本文结合当地现状对该地区两栖类资源提出了保护建议。

To understand the resource status of amphibians in North Luoxiao National Forest Park of Hunan province,from April to August 2021,a line transect survey of amphibian species diversity in the park was carried out accompanied by interviewing local residents to supplement the survey.There were 18 survey transect lines in this study.Species’ names,quantity,habitats and disturbance factors in each transect line were recorded in details,and the biodiversity index was analyzed.22 species of amphibians were recorded in North Luoxiao National Forest Park,belonging to 1 order,7 families and 15 genera.It accounted for 4.27% of amphibian species in China and 25.58% in Hunan province.Results show that the fauna is mainly comprised of Oriental boundaries with 14 species(63.64%).There are 8 species endemic to China,and 17 species of key protected wild animals in Hunan province.Hoplobatrachus chinensis is listed as a national GradeⅡkey protected wild animal.According to The Red List of Biodiversity in China,one specie is listed as the endangered(EN),three as the vulnerable(VU) and two as the nearthreatened(NT).Analysis of biodiversity shows that the Shannon-Wiener index is 3.052 3,the Simpson index is 0.836 5 and the Pielou index is 0.500 3.North Luoxiao National Forest Park is rich in amphibious species resources.According to the present situation,this paper puts forward some conservation recommendations on amphibian resources in this area.