基于不同天花板高度下的火灾探测器响应性能研究

Research on the response performance of fire detectors based on different ceiling height

薄高的中庭在现代建筑中非常流行,但其特殊的空间形式给烟雾报警系统带来了新的挑战。运用数值模拟研究了薄高中庭的温度变化和烟气扩散过程,这对建筑火灾报警系统的设计和安装具有重要意义。利用FDS对不同天花板高度(4.0 m、5.0 m、6.0 m、7.0 m和8.0 m)下的温度、能见度变化情况和火灾探测器报警响应时间进行讨论。结果表明:随着天花板高度的增加,温度的变化比能见度的变化更为明显;从探测器报警响应时间可以分析出,当天花板高度由4.0 m升高至8.0 m时,感烟探测器报警响应时间要明显快于红外光束探测器和感温探测器,该结果可用于中庭火灾报警系统的设计和安装。

Thin-height atriums are very popular in modern buildings,but their special spatial form brings new challenges to smoke alarm systems.Therefore,this paper uses numerical simulation to study the temperature change and smoke dispersion process in thin-height atria,which is important for the design and installation of building fire alarm systems.The temperature and visibility variation and fire detector alarm response time at different ceiling heights(4.0m,5.0 m,6.0 m,7.0 m and 8.0 m)are discussed using FDS.The results show that the change of temperature is more obvious than the change of visibility with the increase of ceiling height;the alarm response time of detectors can be analyzed that when the ceiling height increases from 4.0 m to 8.0 m,the alarm response time of smoke detectors is significantly faster than that of infrared beam detectors and temperature detectors,and the results can be used in the design and installation of atrium fire alarm system.