基于小胸鳖甲转录组的免疫相关基因发掘

Analysis of immune-related genes based on the transcriptome of Microdera punctipennis

利用小胸鳖甲(Microdera punctipennis)的转录组数据注释并筛选出其免疫相关基因。在获得的198206个unigene中,共注释49034个基因,占转录组总unigene的24.74%,通过注释信息和手动筛选获得了107个免疫相关基因的1750个同源unigene,这些基因主要编码模式识别受体、免疫信号转导及调控因子和免疫效应因子。结果表明,在小胸鳖甲Toll、MAPK-JNK-p38和JAK-STAT免疫通路大多数是完整和保守的,其免疫相关的细胞过程,如自噬、凋亡和RNA干扰及其调节剂大部分也是保守的,同时具有多种免疫效应物,如抗菌肽、热休克蛋白、溶菌酶、酚氧化酶、几丁质酶和抗氧化酶等。然而,其他昆虫中普遍存在的IMD、FADD和Dome等保守免疫相关基因在小胸鳖甲中没有找到。根据筛选的免疫相关基因初步绘制了昆虫小胸鳖甲免疫通路图。建立的小胸鳖甲免疫系统的框架可为非果蝇类昆虫免疫相关基因的研究提供借鉴。

The transcriptome data of the beetle Microdera punctipennis was used to annotate and screen its immune-related genes.Microdera punctipennis transcriptome library contained 198206 unigenes.A total of 49034 genes were annotated,accounting for 24.74%of the total transcriptome unigenes.1750 homologous unigene of 107 immune-related genes in Microdera punctipennis,which mainly encoded pattern recognition receptors,immune signal transduction and regulatory factors and immune effectors,were obtained by annotation information and manual screening.The results showed that the Toll,MAPK-JNK-p38 and JAK-STAT immune pathways were intact and conserved in Microdera punctipennis,and most of their immune-related cellular processes,such as autophagy,apoptosis and RNA interference and their mediators and modulators,were also conserved,along with a variety of immune effectors,including antimicrobial peptides,heat shock proteins,and enzymes such as lysozyme,phenoloxidase,chitinase and antioxidase.However,conserved immune-related genes such as IMD,FADD and Dome,which were commonly found in other insects,were not identified in Microdera punctipennis.A preliminary map of the immune pathway in Microdera punctipennis was made based on the screened immunerelated genes.The established framework of the immune system of the beetle might provide a reference for the study of immune-related genes in non-Drosophila insects.