养老机构自立支援实施影响因素的质性研究

Influencing factors of implementation of self-supporting in pension institutions:a qualitative research

目的探讨影响养老机构实施自立支援的因素,为制订针对性管理策略提供依据。方法以健康服务领域研究成果应用的行动促进综合框架(i-PARIHS)为指导,采用描述性质性研究方法,通过目的抽样法选取养老机构的工作人员13人和老年人6人,对其进行半结构深入访谈,应用归纳和演绎相结合的方法进行资料分析。结果呈现出3个主题和8个子主题,包括变革(优势、风险)、组织环境(照护理念、护理员配比、设施设备及用物配备、领导者支持)、接受者(护理员的实施能力、老年人及其家属的接受意愿)。结论养老机构实施自立支援受多个因素的影响,增强机构实施自立支援的意愿、完善机构的组织环境、提升护理员的实施能力、增强老年人及其家属的接受意愿,有助于推动自立支援在养老机构的开展。

Objective To explore factors influencing the implementation of self-supporting in pension institutions,and provide a basis for formulating targeted management strategies.Methods Descriptive qualitative study design was used in this study and the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services integrated framework(iPARIHS)guided the research.A total of 13 staff member and six elder adults from pension institutions were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews using purposive sampling method.Both inductive and deductive methods were performed for data analysis.Results Three themes and eight sub-themes were emerged,including innovation(strengths,risks),organizational context(the concept of care,caregiver′s ratios,facility equipment and supplies,leader′s support),and recipients(caregiver′s ability to implement,the elderly and their families′acceptance willingness).Conclusion The implementation of self-supporting in pension institutions is affected by many factors,and it is helpful to promote the implementation of self-supporting in pension institutions through enhancing the willingness of institutions to implement self-supporting,improving the organizational context of institutions,elevating the implementation ability of caregi-vers,and enhancing the acceptance willingness of the elderly and their families.