严寒地区相变窗热舒适与节能特性分析

Thermal Comfort and Energy Saving Characteristics of Glazing Units Containing PCM in Severe Cold Region

玻璃窗、玻璃幕墙类半透明围护结构是现代建筑的重要组成部分,但相对墙体类不透明围护结构热损失较大,其主要原因在于透光性强、热惰性弱,可通过填充石蜡类相变材料改善其热工性能。以严寒地区大庆区域冬季典型晴天、阴天的温度和太阳辐射为基本气象数据,建立了填充相变材料玻璃窗传热特性模型,数值研究了二氧化硅保温相变玻璃窗、空气保温相变玻璃窗和双层相变玻璃窗的传热特性,获得了窗内表面温度、热流及日总传热量,对比分析了三种窗的热舒适及节能效果。结果表明:严寒地区采用保温相变玻璃窗比双层相变玻璃窗更舒适节能,与空气保温相比,二氧化硅气凝胶保温效果更优,推荐石蜡相变温度为16~18℃。

The translucent envelope,glass window and glass curtain wall are important parts of modern buildings,but the heat loss of the translucent envelope is greater than the opaque envelope of the wall.The main reasons for high heat loss are high light quality and weak thermal inertia,and the thermal performance of the translucent envelope can be improved by filling paraffin phase change materials.The model of the triple-pane PCM glazing with silica is established under the basic meteorological data that is the temperature and solar radiation of the typical sunny and cloudy conditions in winter at Daqing,and numerical investigations of the heat transfer characteristics of the triple-pane PCM glazing with silica or air insulation layer and the double-pane PCM glazing are investigated.The parameters of the inner surface,including temperature,heat flow and the heat transfer throughout the day are obtained by comparatively researching the thermal comfort and energy saving characteristics among three types of glazing.The results show that the insulating layer is obviously influenced by thermal comfort and energy conservation,and the thermal performance of the silica insert is better than that of an air insulating layer.The melting point temperature of triple-pane PCM glazing with silica insulation layer is recommended in the range of 16~18℃.