不同居住环境老年人心理和睡眠的差异

The difference of psychology and sleep of the elderly in different living environment

目的了解不同居住环境老年人心理和睡眠的差异,为相关干预措施的制定提供参考。方法分别采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估不同居住环境下老年人的抑郁、焦虑症状和睡眠问题。结果共收集有效问卷461份。养老机构、社区和乡村老年人抑郁症状的总检出率分别为36.5%、31.5%、48.3%,乡村老年人的抑郁症状总检出率显著高于养老机构和社区老年人,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。养老机构、社区和乡村老年人焦虑症状总检出率分别为30.2%、31.5%、42.1%,乡村老年人的焦虑症状总检出率显著高于养老机构老年人,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。养老机构、社区和乡村老年人睡眠问题的检出率分别为62.9%、52.4%、69.1%,乡村老年人的睡眠问题检出率显著高于社区老年人,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年人的心理问题和睡眠问题在不同居住环境均有检出,而乡村老年人的心理问题和睡眠问题更突出,值得家庭和社会广泛关注。

Objective To understand the difference of psychology and sleep of the elderly in different living environment,so as to provide references for the formulation of relevant interventions.Methods The depression and anxiety symptoms and sleep problem of the elderly in different living environment were evaluated by Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results A total of 461 valid questionnaires were collected.The total detection rate of depression symptom of the elderly in nursing facility,community and village was 36.5%,31.5%and 48.3%,respectively,the total detection rate of depression symptom of the elderly in village was significantly higher than that of the elderly in nursing facility and community,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total detection rate of anxiety symptom of the elderly in nursing facility,community and village was 30.2%,31.5%and 42.1%,respectively,the total detection rate of anxiety symptom of the elderly in village was significantly higher than that of the elderly in nursing facility,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of sleep problem of the elderly in nursing facility,community and village was 62.9%,52.4%and 69.1%,respectively,the detection rate of sleep problem of the elderly in village was significantly higher than that of the elderly in community,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Under different living environment,the psychology problem and sleep problem of the elderly are detected,and the elderly in village have the more prominent psychology problem and sleep problem,which deserve extensive attention from families and society.