核电取水卷塞卷载及海生物保护综述性研究

Preliminary Study of Impingement and Entrainmen of Water Intake of Nuclear Powerplants and Marine Organism Conservation

目前,我国核电站均建设在沿海区域,采用直流冷却方式,每年取水量较大,取水过程中产生的卷载和卷塞效应可能会造成海生物的损伤甚至死亡,对海洋生态系统及渔业资源产生一定的负面效应。研究表明,卷载的负面效应一般更大。在受到卷塞卷载影响的海生物中,鱼类是最值得关注的海生物之一。文章将对卷塞卷载现象的产生背景、危害效应、研究现状等做一综述,为后续相关研究提供科学参考。

Nuclear power plants in China are usually built in coastal areas and use once-through cooling technique,taking large amounts of water each year.The impingement and entrainment effects may cause damage or even death to marine organisms,resulting in negative effects on marine ecosystems and fishery resources.Studies have shown negative effects of entrainment are even worse.Fish are one of the most notable marine organisms affected by impingement and entrainment.The study will review the background of the phenomenon,harmful effects and current status of research to provide scientific references for subsequent studies.