红肉猕猴桃‘东红’平均单果质量与果实品质相关性研究

Study on the correlation between average fruit weight and quality of red-fleshed kiwifruit‘Donghong’(Actinidia chinensis var.chinensis)

以四川省蒲江县31家果园‘东红’猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis var.chinensis)为研究对象,采用大样本随机采样策略采集1.5 t商品果实,系统调查采收时平均果重,软熟时果实的色彩角、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、总酸含量、糖酸比、软熟率和腐烂率等指标,开展果重与其他果实性状统计分析。结果表明,31个果园采收时果实的平均果重,软熟时果实的色彩角、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、总酸含量、糖酸比,软熟率、腐烂率平均值分别为102.56 g、98.270H、0.55 Kg·F、17.97%、11.91 g/100 g、0.85 g/100 g、16.03%、5.56%和2.61%,均达到了商品果的要求。果品质量和品质相关性分析表明,平均果重和软熟期的可溶性固形物和总糖具有正相关性、与色彩角具有负相关性,平均果重较大的‘东红’猕猴桃果实具有更好的可溶性固形物和总糖含量,且果肉颜色更黄,整体商品性更为突出。最后,基于主成分分析发现‘东红’猕猴桃中载荷值较大的品质指标是色彩角、糖酸比、硬度和可溶性固形物。

Taking commercial kiwifruit‘Donghong’from 31 orchards in Pujiang County,Sichuan Province as the research object the main weight and quality characters of commercial kiwifruit were systematically analyzed,the correlation between kiwifruit size and quality characteristics was clarified.The sampling strategy was large-scale random sampling.In total,over 1500 kg fruit were sampled.The hue angle,firmness,soluble solid content,total sugar content,total acid content,total sugar/total acid ratio,ripening rate and rotten rate were analyzed.Principal component analysis was performed by SPSS 21.0 software to analyze the correlation between fruit size/weight and quality,evaluate the key fruit traits and the planting quality of orchards.The results showed that fruits of 31 orchards were measured that the average fruit weight was 102.56 g.The hue angle,firmness,soluble solid content,total sugar content,total acid content,total sugar/total acid ratio,ripening and rotten rate were 98.270H,0.55 Kg·F,17.97%,11.91 g/100 g,0.85 g/100 g,16.03%,5.56%and 2.61%,respectively.The correlation analysis of fruit weight and quality confirmed that fruit size/weight was positively correlated with soluble solid content,and negatively correlated with hue angle,which proved that“Donghong”with larger size had better soluble solid content,yellow flesh color,and more outstanding overall commercial performance.Finally,it was found that the quality index with large load in kiwifruit was hue angle,total sugar/total acid ratio,firmness and soluble solid content based on principal component analysis.