不同绿肥养分特性及其对葡萄园土壤养分的影响

Nutrient characteristics of the different green manure varieties and their effects on vineyard soil nutrients

为了明确不同绿肥品种的养分特性,阐明其对福建省福安市葡萄园土壤养分的影响,引种紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.)、毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)、光叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens Koch)、箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、肥用油菜(Brassica napus L.)、肥田萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)和三叶草(Trifolium incarnatum L.)8个绿肥品种,以清耕为对照,研究不同绿肥品种的田间生长情况、养分特性及其对葡萄园土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明,毛叶苕子和光叶苕子抑制杂草能力、抗虫害方面及盛花期的产量、养分含量等均优于紫云英、黑麦草、箭筈豌豆、肥用油菜、肥田萝卜和三叶草;相较于其他绿肥品种,设施葡萄园套种毛叶苕子和光叶苕子对提高土壤养分含量和改善土壤酸碱度效果更优。因此,筛选出了毛叶苕子、光叶苕子2个适宜在福安市葡萄园套种的绿肥品种。

In order to clarify the nutrient characteristics of different green manure varieties and elucidate their influence on the soil nutrient of vineyards in Fu’an City,Fujian Province,8 green manure varieties,including Astragalus sinicus L.,Vicia villosa Roth,Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens Koch,Vicia sativa L.,Lolium perenne L.,Brassica napus L.,Raphanus sativus L.,Trifolium incarnatum L.,were introduced to study the field growth and nutrient characteristics of different green manure varieties and their effects on vineyard soil nutrient content,with clear tillage as a control.The results showed that the weed inhibition ability,insect and pests resistance,yield and nutrient content at the full flowering stage of Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens Koch were better than those of Astragalus sinicus L.,Lolium perenne L.,Vicia sativa L.,Brassica napus L.,Raphanus sativus L.and Trifolium incarnatum L.;compared with other green manure varieties,it was more effective to cultivate Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens Koch in facility vineyards to improve soil nutrient and soil pH.Therefore,two green manure varieties of Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens Koch suitable for planting in vineyards in Fu’an City were selected.