湖羊高繁品系选育技术研究

Study on Breeding Techniques of High Prolificacy in Hu Sheep

为提高湖羊母羊繁殖率和提升湖羊群体品质,利用现代分子育种和母羊早期培育技术,开展湖羊高繁殖力研究,以期建立湖羊高繁品系核心群及选育群。结果显示:(1)湖羊群体中存在BB、B+、++三种基因型,基因型频率分别为0.89、0.07、0.04,B、+基因频率分别为0.93、0.07,BB型是湖羊群体中的优势基因型;(2)初配母羊5.5月龄即可配种,其受胎率、产羔率、产三羔及以上比率和羔羊成活率分别为92.24%、236.04%、30.93%、93.64%,配种效果良好;分娩母羊35 d即可配种,其受胎率、产羔率、产三羔及以上比率和羔羊成活率分别为95.86%、250.51%、40.86%、95.56%,配种效果良好。以上结果表明,利用现代分子育种和母羊早期培育技术建立的湖羊高繁品系核心群,不仅能够确保湖羊群体的高繁殖力,还可以快速扩大理想群体的数量,加快培育进程,实现高效繁殖和高频繁殖的有效结合。

In order to improve the reproduction rate and the quality of Hu sheep population, modern molecular breeding and early breeding of ewe were used to study the high-breeding of Hu sheep, then establish the core group and breeding group of Highbred strain of Hu sheep. The results showed as follows:(1) three gene types of BB,B+ and ++ were existed in Hu sheep with frequencies of 0.89, 0.07 and 0.04, respectively. B and + gene frequencies were 0.93 and 0.07, respectively. BB genotype was the dominant genotype in Hu sheep.(2) The virgin ewe could be bred at 5.5 months of age, and the breeding effect was good, the conception rate, lambing rate, more lambing rate and lambing survival rate were 92.24%,236.04%,30.93% and 93.64%,respectively. The pregnant ewe could be bred after 35 days, and the breeding effect was good, the conception rate, lambing rate,more lambing rate and lambing survival rate were 95.86%, 250.51%, 40.86% and 95.56%, respectively. The results suggested that the core group of the high-breeding of Hu sheep was established by modern molecular breeding and early breeding of ewe could not only ensure the high fecundity of Hu sheep, but also rapidly expand the number of ideal groups and speed up the breeding process, to achieve an effective combination of efficient and high frequency reproduction.