我国社区矫正效果评估及其制度构建研究

The Evaluation of China’s Community Correction and Its Institutional Construction

社区矫正效果评估是由社区矫正工作人员或者中立第三方专业评估机构按照一定的程序、方法,采用专门工具评价社区矫正工作实际效果的活动。对社区矫正效果的科学评估,不仅有助于引导社区矫正对象自我调节社区矫正期间的心理和行为,帮助社区矫正工作人员检视矫正效果并及时优化个案矫正方案,而且有助于节约行刑成本、预防社区矫正对象再犯罪,从而更好保护社会、完善社区矫正制度和实践等,具有个人、社会和国家三个层面的价值。目前,虽然我国学界和实务界对社区矫正效果评估均有一定的研究和探索,但是社区矫正效果评估仍然存在有关法律规定不完备、司法实践有限、学界研究不足、评估主体不全面、评估内容不统一、评估指标不规范、评估方法不科学、评估程序不完备等问题。因此,有必要消解社区矫正效果评估与矫前调查评估、危险评估、需要评估、社区矫正质量评估等概念的混淆,准确厘定社区矫正效果评估概念,并从完备有关法律规定、科学确定效果评估内容、确立对应效果评估主体、构建效果评估指标体系、促进效果评估方法升级、完善效果评估程序等方面构建我国社区矫正效果评估制度。

Some research has been done on the evaluation of community corrections in China,but it’s still facing some problems, such as incomplete legal provisions, limited judicial practice, insufficient academic research,and incomplete evaluation subjects,content,evaluation indicators,procedure and unscientific evaluation methods of correction effect. Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the concept by eliminating the confusion between the evaluation of community correction and pre-correction investigation and evaluation,risk assessment,needs assessment,quality assessment of community correction,etc. The evaluation system of community correction should be established by determining the content,subjects,index system,methods and procedure of the evaluation of China’s community correction.