良性前列腺梗阻微创治疗新进展

Research advances in the minimally invasive treatment of benign prostatic obstruction

我国良性前列腺梗阻(BPO)患者数量不断增加,且越来越趋于年轻化。曾经的“金标准”方案经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)更加适用于前列腺体积在40~80 mL范围内的患者,对于前列腺体积过小的患者易导致过度切除,而对于前列腺体积过大的患者切除效率低。随着微创技术的持续进步,一些新的技术被成功引入,如:前列腺动脉栓塞术、激光手术(剜除切割和汽化切割等)、微创单纯前列腺切除术、经尿道前列腺球囊扩张术、前列腺尿道悬吊术和机器人辅助前列腺水切割等。这些微创方法被视为TURP的替代方案,并被越来越多地应用于BPO的临床治疗。本文就BPO的多种微创治疗方法的最新进展进行综述。

The number of benign prostatic obstruction(BPO)patients in China is increasing,and patients tend to be younger and younger.The former“gold standard”scheme of transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)is more suitable for patients with prostate volume ranging from 40 mL to 80 mL,which may lead to excessive resection in patients with small prostate volume and low efficiency in patients with large prostate volume.New minimally invasive techniques have been introduced,including prostate artery embolization,laser surgery(such as holmium,green,diode,and thulium),minimally invasive simple prostatectomy,transperineal laser ablation,prostatic urethral lift,and robot-assisted water jet ablation of the prostate.These methods are alternatives to TURP and increasingly used in the treatment of BPO.This article reviewed the advances in minimally invasive treatment of BPO.