公交引导发展模式下天津市社区型地铁站点与服务设施布局协调性研究

Coordination of Community Metro Station and Public Service Facility Layout under TOD Guidance in Tianjin

为探究地铁站点建设与公共服务设施布局的耦合协调关系,选取了天津市10个社区型地铁站点为研究对象。以TOD(公交引导发展)模式理论的“5D”原则为引导,构建设计、密度、多样性、可达性、交通便利性和均衡性等多维度协调性评价指标。基于人口密度、POI(兴趣点)、建成环境等多源数据,采用GIS(地理信息系统)核密度、栅格成本距离、信息熵等分析方法,综合评价站点与周边公共服务设施布局协调性,最终提出优化建议。研究发现:①公交站点数量与公共服务设施区位熵指数是影响协调性最显著的指标;②10个典型社区型站点依据综合评价得分可分为较高协调型、一般协调型和较低协调型三个等级,各站点在各指标方面皆存在其自身优势与不足。

To explore the coupling coordination relationship between metro station construction and public service facility layout,10 community metro stations in Tianjin are selected as research objects.Guided by the′5D′principle of TOD(transit-oriented development)theory,a multi-dimensional coordination evaluation index system of density,diversity,accessibility,transportation convenience,design and balance is constructed.Based on multi-source data including population density,POI(point of interest)and built environment,analysis methods such as GIS(geographic information system)kernel density,grid cost distance,information entropy are adopted to comprehensively evaluate the coordination of station site and surrounding public service facility layout.Finally,optimization suggestions are put forward.Research results show that:①The number of bus stops and the location entropy indexes of public service facility are the most significant indicators that affect coordination.②According to comprehensive evaluation score,the 10 typical community station sites can be divided into three levels of high,general and low coordination types.Each station site has its own advantages and shortcomings in each index.