强基计划的正义成就、困境与发展路向探讨——基于社会正义原则理论的分析

Discussion on the Justice Achievement,Predicament and Development Direction of the“Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan”--Analysis Based on Theory of Social Justice Principles

我国高校自主招生改革试点的正义问题一直备受关注。2020年,强基计划出台,自主招生改革试点工作随之告一段落。近年来,强基计划进展顺利,试点学校不断增加,审视其正义问题有其必要。立足自主招生改革试点经验,结合戴维·米勒的社会正义原则理论,对比分析可以看出:强基计划在目标设计中彰显了“应得”的正义原则;严格的招录程序设计体现出程序正义之价值;全面把握招考改革经验、屏蔽复杂背景影响和多程序协同推进则强调规避“制度背离”。然而,尽管强基计划坚守程序正义,却在不同正义原则之间顾此失彼;尽力规避的“制度背离”实际上也难以避免。强基计划的进一步发展还需从平衡正义原则和防范“制度背离”两个方面入手。

The issue of justice in the pilot reform of independent enrollment in colleges and universities in China has always been concerned.In 2020,the“strengthening basic disciplines plan”was introduced,and the pilot work of independent enrollment reform came to an end.In recent years,the“strengthening basic disciplines plan”has progressed smoothly,and the number of pilot schools has been increasing.It is necessary to examine their justice issues.Based on the pilot experience of independent enrollment reform and David Miller’s theory of social justice principles,the comparative analysis shows that the“strengthening basic disciplines plan”highlights the“deserved”justice principle in the goal design;The strict recruitment procedure design reflects the value of procedural justice;Comprehensively grasping the experience of enrollment reform,shielding the influence of complex backgrounds and promoting multi procedures in coordination emphasize avoiding“institutional deviation”.However,although the“strengthening basic disciplines plan”adheres to procedural justice,it is still in the balance between different justice principles;In fact,it is also difficult to avoid the“institutional deviation”that we try to avoid.The further development of the“strengthening basic disciplines plan”also needs to start with the principle of balanced justice and the prevention of“institutional deviation”.