列车端部吸能装置稳态阻抗力优化设计

Optimal Design of Steady-state Impedance Force of Train End Energy Absorbing Device

为了对列车端部吸能装置的稳态阻抗力进行优化,对列车纵向碰撞模型加以改进,以此为基础,研究吸能装置实际吸能量与其稳态阻抗力的关系。发现吸能量随着阻抗力增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且吸能装置在碰撞结束时恰好用尽全行程的情况下其实际吸能量达到最大值。为了确定此时的阻抗力,通过动力学分析推导其理论最优阻抗力。以某列车在不同场景下对撞为例,计算发现各场景下吸能装置采用理论最优解时的吸能量均为各自对照组中的最大值,并对数值设计的可靠性进行验证。

In order to optimize the steady-state impedance force of the energy absorption device at the end of a train,the longitudinal collision model of the train was improved,based on which,the relationship between the actual energy absorption and the steady-state impedance force of the energy absorption device was studied.It is found that the energy absorption first increases before decreasing with the increase of the impedance force.At the end of the collision,the actual energy absorption reaches the maximum when the energy absorption device just uses up the full stroke.In order to determine the impedance force at this time,the theoretical optimal impedance force was deduced through dynamic analysis.Finally,based on the case of the collision of a train in different scenarios,it is found that the energy absorption of the energy absorption device in each scenario is the maximum in the respective control group when using the theoretical optimal solution,which verifies the reliability of the numerical design.